04. Django Advance - Django Nâng Cao

Mục Tiêu Module

Nắm vững các kỹ thuật Django nâng cao để xây dựng production-ready applications.

Danh Sách Bài Học

1. Advanced Models

  • Model inheritance (Abstract, Multi-table, Proxy)
  • Model Managers
  • Custom QuerySets
  • Model methods và properties
  • Signals (pre_save, post_save, etc.)
  • Model validation

2. Advanced QuerySets

  • select_related() và prefetch_related()
  • annotate() và aggregate()
  • F() và Q() objects
  • Subqueries
  • Raw SQL queries
  • Query optimization

3. Class-Based Views Deep Dive

  • CBV structure
  • Mixins
  • Method overriding
  • Context data
  • Form handling trong CBVs
  • Custom CBVs

4. Django REST Framework - Introduction

  • DRF installation và setup
  • Serializers
  • APIView và ViewSets
  • Routers
  • Request và Response objects

5. DRF Serializers

  • Serializer fields
  • ModelSerializer
  • Nested serializers
  • SerializerMethodField
  • Validation
  • Custom serializers

6. DRF Views và ViewSets

  • APIView
  • GenericAPIView
  • Mixins
  • ViewSets
  • ModelViewSet
  • ReadOnlyModelViewSet

7. DRF Authentication

  • TokenAuthentication
  • SessionAuthentication
  • JWT authentication (simplejwt)
  • Custom authentication
  • Permissions
  • IsAuthenticated, IsAdminUser, etc.

8. DRF Permissions

  • Permission classes
  • Custom permissions
  • Object-level permissions
  • DjangoModelPermissions
  • Permission combinations

9. DRF Pagination

  • PageNumberPagination
  • LimitOffsetPagination
  • CursorPagination
  • Custom pagination
  • DjangoFilterBackend
  • SearchFilter
  • OrderingFilter
  • django-filter integration
  • Custom filters

11. File Uploads

  • FileField và ImageField
  • Handling uploads
  • Media files configuration
  • Pillow library
  • File validation
  • Cloud storage (S3)

12. Email Sending

  • SMTP configuration
  • send_mail() function
  • EmailMessage class
  • HTML emails
  • Email templates
  • Attachments
  • Email backends

13. Caching

  • Cache framework
  • Cache backends (Redis, Memcached)
  • Per-view caching
  • Template fragment caching
  • Low-level cache API
  • Cache strategies

14. Celery Integration

  • Celery installation
  • Message brokers (Redis, RabbitMQ)
  • Defining tasks
  • Calling tasks (delay, apply_async)
  • Periodic tasks (Celery Beat)
  • Task monitoring

15. Advanced Authentication

  • Custom User model
  • Extended User profile
  • Social authentication (OAuth)
  • Multi-factor authentication
  • JWT refresh tokens
  • Token blacklisting

16. Django Channels (WebSockets)

  • Real-time applications
  • ASGI vs WSGI
  • Channels installation
  • Consumers
  • Routing
  • Channel layers

17. Testing Advanced

  • Factory Boy
  • Faker
  • Test fixtures
  • Mocking
  • API testing
  • Coverage reports
  • CI/CD testing

18. Security

  • CSRF protection
  • XSS prevention
  • SQL injection prevention
  • Clickjacking protection
  • HTTPS và SSL
  • Security middleware
  • django-cors-headers

19. Performance Optimization

  • Database query optimization
  • Indexing
  • Connection pooling
  • Caching strategies
  • Lazy loading
  • Debug toolbar
  • Profiling

20. Logging và Monitoring

  • Django logging configuration
  • Log handlers
  • Log formatters
  • Error tracking (Sentry)
  • Application monitoring
  • Performance monitoring

21. Deployment Preparation

  • Environment variables
  • settings.py cho production
  • Static files (collectstatic, WhiteNoise)
  • Database optimization
  • Security checklist
  • ALLOWED_HOSTS

22. Docker Basics

  • Docker concepts
  • Dockerfile
  • Docker Compose
  • Container networking
  • Volumes
  • Multi-stage builds

23. Database Advanced

  • Database transactions
  • select_for_update()
  • Database routers
  • Multiple databases
  • Read replicas
  • Connection pooling

24. Custom Management Commands

  • Creating management commands
  • Command arguments
  • Options
  • Helper methods
  • Use cases

25. Django Third-Party Packages

  • django-extensions
  • django-debug-toolbar
  • django-crispy-forms
  • django-filter
  • django-storages
  • Evaluation criteria

Prerequisites

  • ✅ Hoàn thành Module 03: Django Basic
  • ✅ Hiểu về REST APIs
  • Kiến thức về Docker (cơ bản)
  • Kiến thức về PostgreSQL

Thời Gian Học

  • Ước tính: 4-5 tuần
  • Thời lượng mỗi bài: 90-120 phút
  • Thực hành: 3-4 giờ/ngày

Tài Nguyên Tham Khảo

Projects - Từ Tầm Trung Đến Lớn

Series này tập trung vào 10 dự án thực tế từ tầm trung đến lớn, đảm bảo học viên đạt trình độ Master Django.

Project 1: Multi-Vendor E-commerce Platform API (Tầm Trung) 🛍️

Mô tả: Xây dựng REST API cho marketplace nhiều nhà bán hàng như Shopee, Lazada.

Kiến thức nâng cao:

  • Multi-tenant architecture với vendor isolation
  • Complex product catalog (variants, attributes, inventory)
  • Advanced permission system (vendor, customer, admin roles)
  • Order workflow với state machine
  • Payment gateway integration (VNPay, Stripe)
  • Real-time notifications với Django Channels
  • Elasticsearch cho product search
  • Redis caching strategies
  • Celery tasks (order processing, email, inventory sync)
  • API versioning và documentation (drf-spectacular)

Scale: Medium-Large
Timeline: 3-4 tuần
Bài học: 26-30

Project 2: Social Media Platform API (Tầm Trung-Lớn) 📱

Mô tả: Xây dựng backend cho mạng xã hội như Facebook, Instagram thu nhỏ.

Kiến thức nâng cao:

  • User relationships (friends, followers, blocking)
  • Newsfeed algorithm với ranking
  • Real-time chat và notifications (WebSocket)
  • Media upload với image processing (Celery)
  • Activity stream pattern
  • GraphQL API với Graphene-Django
  • Recommendation engine (ML integration)
  • Story/Status features với TTL
  • Privacy controls và content moderation
  • Horizontal scaling patterns

Scale: Large
Timeline: 4-5 tuần
Bài học: 31-36

Project 3: Video Streaming Platform (Lớn) 🎬

Mô tả: Xây dựng nền tảng video như YouTube, Netflix thu nhỏ.

Kiến thức nâng cao:

  • Video upload với chunked upload
  • Video transcoding với Celery (multiple resolutions)
  • HLS/DASH streaming
  • CDN integration
  • View count với Redis
  • Recommendation system
  • Comment system với nested replies
  • Subscription management
  • Watch history và resume playback
  • Analytics tracking

Scale: Large
Timeline: 4-5 tuần
Bài học: 37-42

Project 4: Healthcare Management System (Tầm Trung) 🏥

Mô tả: Hệ thống quản lý bệnh viện với appointment, EMR, và telemedicine.

Kiến thức nâng cao:

  • Complex scheduling system với conflict detection
  • Electronic Medical Records (EMR) với HIPAA compliance
  • Role-based access control (Doctor, Nurse, Admin, Patient)
  • Prescription management với drug interaction checks
  • Video consultation với WebRTC
  • Lab results integration
  • Appointment reminders (SMS, Email)
  • Insurance verification workflow
  • Medical billing system
  • Audit logging cho compliance

Scale: Medium-Large
Timeline: 4 tuần
Bài học: 43-47

Project 5: Financial Trading Platform API (Lớn) 💰

Mô tả: Platform giao dịch chứng khoán, crypto với real-time data.

Kiến thức nâng cao:

  • Real-time market data với WebSocket
  • Order matching engine
  • Portfolio management
  • Trading algorithms execution
  • Risk management system
  • Transaction atomicity với database locks
  • Historical data analysis
  • Chart data APIs
  • KYC verification workflow
  • Regulatory compliance (audit trails)

Scale: Large
Timeline: 5-6 tuần
Bài học: 48-54

Project 6: Multi-Language Learning Platform (Tầm Trung-Lớn) 🎓

Mô tả: Platform học ngôn ngữ như Duolingo với gamification.

Kiến thức nâng cao:

  • Adaptive learning algorithm
  • Spaced repetition system (SRS)
  • Progress tracking với complex analytics
  • Gamification (XP, levels, achievements, streaks)
  • Audio processing (speech recognition API integration)
  • Lesson generation system
  • Social learning (compete, collaborate)
  • AI-powered corrections
  • Certificate generation
  • Multi-tenant for organizations

Scale: Medium-Large
Timeline: 4-5 tuần
Bài học: 55-60

Project 7: IoT Device Management Platform (Lớn) 🌐

Mô tả: Platform quản lý thiết bị IoT với real-time monitoring.

Kiến thức nâng cao:

  • MQTT protocol integration
  • Time-series data storage (InfluxDB)
  • Real-time device monitoring dashboards
  • Device provisioning và authentication
  • Firmware update management
  • Alert system với complex rules
  • Data aggregation và analytics
  • Geolocation tracking
  • Device grouping và hierarchies
  • Edge computing coordination

Scale: Large
Timeline: 5 tuần
Bài học: 61-66

Project 8: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System (Rất Lớn) 🏢

Mô tả: Hệ thống ERP tích hợp quản lý toàn bộ doanh nghiệp.

Kiến thức nâng cao:

  • Modular architecture (HR, Finance, Inventory, Sales, CRM)
  • Complex permission matrix
  • Workflow engine với approval chains
  • Document management system
  • Reporting engine với dynamic queries
  • Multi-company support
  • Multi-currency và tax calculations
  • Integration APIs (accounting software, banks)
  • Background job scheduling
  • Data import/export (Excel, CSV)

Scale: Very Large
Timeline: 6-8 tuần
Bài học: 67-76

Project 9: Ride-Sharing Platform (Lớn) 🚗

Mô tả: Platform đặt xe như Grab, Uber với real-time tracking.

Kiến thức nâng cao:

  • Real-time GPS tracking với WebSocket
  • Geospatial queries (PostGIS)
  • Driver matching algorithm
  • Dynamic pricing (surge pricing)
  • Route optimization
  • Payment splitting
  • Rating system (dual: driver & rider)
  • Trip history và receipts
  • Driver earnings calculation
  • Safety features (SOS, trip sharing)

Scale: Large
Timeline: 5-6 tuần
Bài học: 77-83

Project 10: Microservices Architecture - Complete System (Rất Lớn) 🏗️

Mô tả: Xây dựng hệ thống microservices hoàn chỉnh cho enterprise.

Kiến thức nâng cao:

  • Service decomposition strategies
  • API Gateway pattern (Kong/Nginx)
  • Service mesh (Istio basics)
  • Event-driven architecture (RabbitMQ/Kafka)
  • Distributed transactions (Saga pattern)
  • Service discovery
  • Centralized logging (ELK stack)
  • Distributed tracing (Jaeger)
  • Circuit breaker pattern
  • Container orchestration (Kubernetes basics)

Services:

  • User Service (Authentication, Authorization)
  • Product Service (Catalog, Inventory)
  • Order Service (Order processing)
  • Payment Service (Payment gateway)
  • Notification Service (Email, SMS, Push)
  • Analytics Service (Data aggregation)

Scale: Very Large
Timeline: 8-10 tuần
Bài học: 84-100

Progression Path

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐│  Django Basic (Series 03) - 37 bài                         ││  ✓ CRUD Applications                                        ││  ✓ News/Blog, E-commerce                                    │└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘                           ↓┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐│  Django Advanced (Series 04) - 100 bài                     ││                                                              ││  Lessons 1-25: Core Advanced Concepts                       ││  ├─ Advanced Models & QuerySets                             ││  ├─ DRF Complete (Serializers, Views, Auth, Permissions)    ││  ├─ Real-time (Channels, WebSocket)                         ││  ├─ Background Tasks (Celery)                               ││  ├─ Caching, Security, Performance                          ││  └─ Testing, Monitoring, Deployment                         ││                                                              ││  Projects 1-10: Real-World Applications                     ││  ├─ P1: Multi-Vendor E-commerce (26-30)                     ││  ├─ P2: Social Media Platform (31-36)                       ││  ├─ P3: Video Streaming (37-42)                             ││  ├─ P4: Healthcare System (43-47)                           ││  ├─ P5: Trading Platform (48-54)                            ││  ├─ P6: Learning Platform (55-60)                           ││  ├─ P7: IoT Platform (61-66)                                ││  ├─ P8: ERP System (67-76)                                  ││  ├─ P9: Ride-Sharing (77-83)                                ││  └─ P10: Microservices (84-100) [CAPSTONE]                  │└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘                           ↓┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐│  Master Django Level Achieved! 🎓                           ││  Ready for: Enterprise, Startup CTO, Architect roles        │└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Mục Tiêu Đạt Được

Sau khi hoàn thành 10 projects:

Technical Skills

  • ✅ Architecture: Thiết kế hệ thống phức tạp, microservices
  • ✅ Scalability: Handle millions of requests
  • ✅ Real-time: WebSocket, streaming, live updates
  • ✅ Performance: Query optimization, caching, CDN
  • ✅ Security: Authentication, authorization, compliance
  • ✅ Integration: Third-party APIs, payment gateways
  • ✅ DevOps: Docker, Kubernetes, CI/CD
  • ✅ Monitoring: Logging, tracing, metrics
  • ✅ Testing: Unit, integration, load testing

Domain Knowledge

  • ✅ E-commerce, Marketplace
  • ✅ Social Networks
  • ✅ Media Streaming
  • ✅ Healthcare Systems
  • ✅ Financial Systems
  • ✅ EdTech Platforms
  • ✅ IoT Systems
  • ✅ Enterprise Software
  • ✅ Transportation/Logistics
  • ✅ Distributed Systems

Soft Skills

  • ✅ System design và architecture decisions
  • ✅ Trade-off analysis
  • ✅ Performance optimization strategies
  • ✅ Security best practices
  • ✅ Code review và team collaboration
  • ✅ Technical documentation
  • ✅ Project planning và estimation

Cấu Trúc Mỗi Project

Mỗi project sẽ có:

📋 Planning (20%)

  • Requirements analysis
  • System architecture design
  • Database schema design
  • API design
  • Technology stack selection

💻 Implementation (60%)

  • Core features development
  • API endpoints
  • Real-time features
  • Background tasks
  • Testing
  • Security hardening

🚀 Deployment (10%)

  • Docker setup
  • CI/CD pipeline
  • Monitoring và logging
  • Performance testing
  • Production deployment

📚 Documentation (10%)

  • API documentation
  • Architecture documentation
  • Deployment guide
  • User guide

Project Complexity Matrix

Project Complexity Real-time Scalability Integration Timeline
P1: E-commerce ⭐⭐⭐⭐ Medium High High 3-4w
P2: Social Media ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ High Very High Medium 4-5w
P3: Video Streaming ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ High Very High Very High 4-5w
P4: Healthcare ⭐⭐⭐⭐ Medium Medium High 4w
P5: Trading ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Very High Very High High 5-6w
P6: Learning ⭐⭐⭐⭐ Medium High Medium 4-5w
P7: IoT ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Very High Very High Very High 5w
P8: ERP ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Low High Very High 6-8w
P9: Ride-Sharing ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Very High Very High High 5-6w
P10: Microservices ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ High Very High Very High 8-10w

Total Timeline: 6-8 tháng (full-time) hoặc 12-15 tháng (part-time)

Bài Tập

Mỗi bài học sẽ có:

  • ✍️ Advanced Exercises: 5-8 bài tập phức tạp
  • 🏗️ Architecture Tasks: Thiết kế hệ thống
  • 🧪 Testing Tasks: Viết tests
  • 📝 Quiz: Kiểm tra nâng cao
  • 🚀 Performance Tasks: Optimization

Module Tiếp Theo

05-django-project - Áp dụng kiến thức để xây dựng dự án microservices thực tế.